Introduction
This strictly confidential study by Howland Gardiner Shaw, an American Chargé d'affaires ad interim in Istanbul, was prepared early in 1933 and sent off to the U.S. State Department on March 30th of that year. This report was part of a series of research studies, which had been commissioned three years earlier. The State department acknowledged receipt of the report and expressed its appreciation by stating that it had contributed materially to the Departments understanding of ...